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Question

Plurality of Crimes (Real and Ideal) - Complex Crime

Scenario:

John and Dave are both members of a notorious gang involved in various criminal activities. One day, they plan to rob a bank. John's role is to act as the lookout while Dave enters the bank and commits the robbery. However, their plan takes an unexpected turn when a police officer arrives at the scene just as Dave is about to enter the bank.

As the officer approaches, John panics and decides to also participate in the robbery. He pulls out his gun and fires a shot at the officer, causing him to retreat. Dave proceeds with the planned robbery, successfully stealing a significant amount of money from the bank.

Based on the scenario provided, answer the following:

1. Discuss the concept of a complex crime as defined in Article 48 of the Revised Penal Code.
2. Identify the possible crimes committed by John and Dave, citing specific provisions of the Revised Penal Code.
3. Explain the distinctions between a composite crime and a complex crime, providing examples to support your explanation.

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Answer